一、名词性从句
主语从句 - The problem that we need to solve is urgent.
- 分析:
what引导主语从句,作主语;that为连接词。
表语从句
- The news that the meeting was canceled surprised everyone.
- 分析: that引导表语从句,作系动词is的表语。宾语从句
- I wonder if she will call you tomorrow.
- 分析: if引导宾语从句,作wonder的宾语。同位语从句
- The book, which is on the table, is mine.
- 分析: which引导同位语从句,解释说明book的身份。 二、定语从句 The movie that
分析:
that引导定语从句,修饰限定movie。
三、状语从句
时间状语从句 - The company will launch the new product when
the market research is complete.
- 分析: when引导时间状语从句,表示时间关系。原因状语从句
- The project was delayed becauseof the unexpected weather.
- 分析: because引导原因状语从句,说明延迟原因。结果状语从句
- The cake was so delicious thatshe ate it all in one go.
- 分析: so...that引导结果状语从句,表示结果。 四、其他类型 名词性从句中的特殊结构
The idea thathe proposed was immediately accepted.
分析:that引导主语从句,作idea的同位语。
总结
英语从句通过关联词引导,承担不同语法功能:
名词性从句(主语/表语/宾语/同位语):在句中作名词性成分;
定语从句:修饰名词或代词;
状语从句:修饰动词、形容词等,表示时间、原因、结果等关系。
掌握从句需注意关联词的用法及从句的独立性。